Flying-machine.



- M. AGKBRMAN;

FLYING MACHINE.

' APPLICATION ULEB s214221; 1909.

Patented sepa 27,1910.

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` M. ACKBRMAN.

' n FLYING MACHINE. APrLmLTlox FILED 821121. 1909. f A Y Patented sept 27,1910.

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" MQAGKERMAEQ FLYING MAGHINE. f nrmculon Hmm snPT.21,1soe. Y y

Patented Sept. V27, 1910.

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v- FLYING MACHINE.

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iiNirnD STATES PATENT onirica enges.

:MAURICE ACKIBBMAN, 0F WASHINGTON,.DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

FLYING-MACHINE. f

To all whom it may concern. v i

Beit known that I, ilLitiuCi-i Aciinninix, a citizen of the Dominion of Canada, resident of ll'ashiiigton, in the District of Co'- luinbia, have niade'a certain new and useful Invention in F lying-Machines; and I declare the followingto be a full, clear, and. lexact. description of the saine, such as will enable others skilled iny the art towhich it vappertaiiis. tol iiiake and ilse the invention,

posite'lateral adjustment of the rearward extending cage and the forward extending' fraiiie.- Fig. 5 is a side view on a smaller Y scale with parts removed showing the vertical` adjustment ot' the rearward extending cage and the forward extending frame. Fig. 6 is a section on the line (3a-G, Fig. 1, with the wings inclined. Fig. 7 is a detail front-view illustrating the cable connections with the steering wheels. Fig; 8 is a secf tion on the line 8-8 Fig. 7 with parts not in section.Fig. 9 is a detail perspective view of one of the horizontal pivot joint connections between i vertical brace liar and the upper and lower acroplanes. Fig. l() is a detail perspective view of the rigid joint connection betwcentlie forward vertical and horizontal rudders. Fig. 11 is a detail side View showing a modification of the narrow rear plane between the upper and lower aeioplanes. Fig. 12 shows detail sectional views of the universal joint connection of the main supporting planes and the carrier cage. Y n

The invention has relation to flying inachines, and it consists in the novel construction and combinations of parts as hereinafter set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating the invention, the letters a, a, designate parallel supporting aeroplanes having upright brace rod connections b, I), having a horizontal pivot joint connection to the framework of the aeroplancs a, a, at c, c, whereby said planes are allowed a forward Specification of Letters Patent.V Patented Sept?. 27, 19170- I Application filed Septemberl, 1909; Serial N o. 518,859. y l

or back parallel'movement with respect to i each other. Between and at the reai' of they planes a, a, abouty inidway of the distance l separating the saine, is a narrow plane d, having a downward .inclination from front to rear and being fixedL with relation to the rear brace rods b, b, which itintersects, diagonal brace wires being provided therefor at f, f. l f

Arranged centrally of and between the aeroplanes a, a, is a carrier cage g, consisting of forward upper andlower horizontal fraiiie rodsg, having central universal joint l connection vto the upper and-lower planes a, ai, at la., zf, said horizontal rods carrying rearward extending converging arched franie rods 71.', four iii number as shown, and

connected at their rear ends by parallel'.

metal plates 2', 27, to forni a rigid structure` which is designed to be movable however with respect to the planes a, a, upon the universal joint connections aforesaid.

Extending foi-ward of the planes a, a, isa

framework j, consisting of upper and lower parallel frame rods j', j', ateach side, the two upper rods j', y', converging troni rear to front, as do also the two lower rods, each .rod j', having a universalk joint. connection at t, with the framework ofthe planes ,z.. The frame j, has the two upper rods j", thereof connected at their forward ends by a short cross rod the two lower rods j', be-y i ing l.similarly connected by a cross rod l', the connection of each end of each cross rod to each rod j', being by a vertical pivot joint mf, allowing the cross rod to be turned to one side or the other to alter its angular relation to the rods j', the rods j', at the saine time moving laterally slightly with respect to cach other. The franie j, has the rods j', thereof braced at a, as also cross braces n. in this way the frame j, cannot alter its position vertically while the main supporting planes a, a, are immovable, and a movement vertically up or down of the frame j, can

only come about by a parallel movement of the planes a, a. The same is true of the carv strain thereupon `whereby ythey would be caused to take any movement -whatever.

' versal joints; and theV forward extending Thus the supporting planes a, a, are free to have a. limited forward 'or rear parallel l movement, being otherwise rigid; the inner` carrier cage is free to move up er down u ponv the Auniversal"joints z., 1.-, simultaneously with a parallel movementof the planes fr, a, the frame bars of the cage having a rigid connection with each other, said cage being also vfree to move sidewise upon said uni-V frame j, is similarly free to move` up or down or to have a limited lateral vmovement with the carrier cage, thevv bars .7", 'of said frame at each side having a rigid brace connection with each other.

The carrier cago g, carries the motor o. having gear and chain connection o. with the propeller shaft y), said shaft having journal bearings in the plates z', t', double propellers. 7)', being provided upon Such shaft, each propeller having two oppositely extending blades q, f1, arranged at an angle to each other, the'blades of thetwo propeller-s upon the same side being also arranged at an angle to eachother. The two prope'llers are caused to turn in opposite directions b v the gearing y". The operator sits within the carrier cage in position to operate the controllingT wheels 1', 1", the wheel -71,'havinf1j a sleeve stem s, carrying a reel s', fupon which are oppositely wound flexible cables or wires t, running to opposite ends of the lower horizontal bar g', of the cage and designed to exert a pull thereupon at one side or the other to turn the carrier cage with its rearV vertical rudders y, y, laterally, a", shown diagrammatically in l? ig. 4 ofthe drz'iwing; ,At the same time laterally.extendingv rods or cables t', having connection to the forward extending frame j, at j, and to opposite sides of the carrier cage g, at g2, will cause the upper and lower rigidly connected rods j', at each side to move laterally withrespectr to 'each other, causing the cross piece connections l, l', thereof, which are norn'ially paralle] to the longitudinal edges of the planes a, a, to beturned to oneside or the other as the case may he, as shown in Fig. 4a normally vertical forward steering plane or rudder u,rigit-ll vv connected with said cross pieces, turning therewith angularly with respect to the rear vertical rudders. as will also a normally horizontal segment-form horizontal rudder u. In this-way a lateral turn of the machine as a whole may be made, the carrier cage y, and the propeller mechanism and rear vertical ludders being turned to one side upon the universal joint connections h, h, and the 'iorward extending frame j, being slightly twisted to turn the forward vertical rudder to one side, when a reverse movement of they parts is given to restore ltheparts to normal position and fly straight,`

ahead iu the new direction. e

lVhen it. is desiredtocause the'tlightof the machine to assume an upward or downward direction, as iii-starting the ascension or alighting,they controlling wheel r, is operated b v the driver, said wheel having a Stem o, which extends within the tubular stein of the wheel fr, flexible wires or cables r', being oppositely wound upon a reel ai, 'of thev stem u, passing one laterally over guide pulleys w,and thence diagcmnallyv of Vlaterally over guide pulley thence rearward to the forward edge ofthe upper plane a.. The wires l"v, v', areduplicated upon opposite sides of the machine, Shown in Fig. 7. In this manner, upon movementcable o', will have a pull exerted thereupon to cause a parallel movement ofthe planes,

The lower frame vrod 3, of this base frame which is designed to rest upon the runways, the forward end of theV frame `carrying wheels 4, 4. Y i

'ings 5, 5, are pivoted longitudinally thereof to the upper rods j', j', ot the frame v j, said wings being capable of assuming a downward and inward inclination toward each other upon their pivots when it is desired to rightthemachine in case its equilibrium or balance is. disturbed in a descent. This movementl of the wines 5, is brought about by pressure of the toot of the drivel' upon the forward end of the base frame when the machine is in the air, rods 6, running from the for 'ard end of the frame to the inner edges of the wings for this purpose. A spring 7, connecting the rear end of the base frame with the framework of the lower plane a, will cause the base frame and the wings 5, 5, to assume normal horizontal positions when the foot pressure is released.

In Fig. l1 of the drawings is shown a ward over guide pulley a1', and thence diag- K onally of the planes a, a, nl'iward and 'Iorwhich slightly approach veach other, asv

thereof to the lowerplanc framework at 2. a

has an upward inclination from its rear end,v

modification whereiny the narrow rear planev the planes a., a, upward and rearward to the y' rear edge of the upper plane a, and theother n n of the wheel e", to one side, the wire or Y the inclination of the plane (I.

Having thus described my invention, what- I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent. is: f

1. In a flying machine. upper and 'lower l parallel aeroplanes, upright brace rods havlower universal l aeroplanes.

ing a horizontal pivot joint connection with said aeroplanes, a rearward extending cage having upper and lower universal joint connections with said aeroplanes and a Aforward extending frame having also rupper and joint connections' with the '2.111 a tiying machine. upper and lower parallel aeroplanes capable of a parallel movement with respect toeach other, rear- .ward :extending balancing means carrying the motor and propeller mechanism, and forward extending balancing means ,carrying rudder mechanism.

3,'In a flying machine. upper and lower parallel aeroplanes: capable of a parallel movement with respect to each other, rearward extending balancing means carryingY the motor and propeller mechanism, forward extending balancing means carrying rudder mechanism, said forward and rearward extending balancing means having yseparate universal joint connection with the aeroplanes and being capablejof automatically assuming an inclined position for upward or downwarl flight. with the parallel movement of l the aeroplanes.y

4. In a flying machine, upper and lower parallel aeroplanes capable of parallel movement with respect to each other` rearward 'extending balancing` means carrying the motor and propeller mechanism, forward extendingsbalancing means carrying rudder mechanism, and means for turningl said rudder mechanism horizontally and sinmltaneously turning the propeller mech-y anism horizontally in opposite directions.

ln a flying machine, upper and lower parallel aeroplanes capable of a. parallel movement with respect to each other, a rearward extending cage having upper and lower universal joint connection with the aeroplanes and carrying the motor and p ropellerv mechanism, a forward extending frame carrying rudder mechanism and. having also upper andlower universal joint connection with the aeroplanes, and means for turning said cage and propeller mechanism horizontally and simultaneously turning said forwardextending framel and rudder mechanism horizontally in opposite direc? tions.

, (l. ln a flying machineupper and lower parallel aeroplaues capable ol.' a parallel movement with respect to each other, a rearward extending cage having upper and lf'nver universal joint connections with said aeroplanes and having rearward extending converging framevrods provided with rear metal connections. said'cage Ycarrying the motor and propeller mechanism, the propeller shaft having journal bearings in said metal connections. and a forward extfnding frame having upper and lower universal joint connections with said'aeroplanes andA carrying rudder mechanism.

.7. ln a H vingmachine. upper and lower parallel aeroplancs capable of parallel imivement with respect to-each other, a rearward extending cage having upper and lower universal joint,connectionswith said aeroplanes and having rearward extending converging frame rods provided with rear metal connections. said cage carrying. the

pellei'sliaft having' journal bearings in said metal connections, a forward extending frame havingv upper and loweruniversal joint connections with rsaid aeroplanes `and carrying rudder'1nechanism,'and means for simultaneously turning said cage and frame horizontally in opposite directions. Y

ln a fiying machine, upper and lower parallel aeroplanes capable of parallel move'- ment with respect to each other, a rearward extending cage having upper and lower uni` versal joint connections with -said aeroplanes. said cage carrying the motor and propeller mechanism, the propeller shaft having double propellers capable of rotating vinopposite directions, the blades upon the saine side being angularly disposed with relation to each other and the blades upon opposite sides of the same propeller being angularly disposed withV relation toreach other, and ay folwvardextendingframe having also upper and lower universal joint connections with the aeroplanes and carryingr rudder mechanism.

i). Inv a H ving machine, upper and lower parallel aeroplanes .capable of a parallel movement. with respect to each other, a rearward extending cage having upper and lower universal joint connections with said aeroplanes and carrying the motor and propeller mechanism, a forward extending frame having also upper and lower universal joint connection with said aeroplanes, said frame having upper and lower pairs of converging frame rods having a vertically pivoted cross piece connection at their forward ends, said cross piece connection carrying a vertical rudder and a horizontal rudder, and means for-simultaneously turningr To 'i ies 90 motor and propeller mechanism, the proi i i ySaid cage with its propeller mechanism and said fra-nie with itis rudders horizontally iii opposite directions.

10. Ina yflying machine, upper and lower parallel,aeroplanes capalileot' parallel movement with respect to each other, a rearward extending cage carri'ingthe moto' and propeller mechanism and having rupper and lower universal joint connections with said aeroplanes.v a yforwardextending frame earying rudder mechanism, haring also upper A and lower universal joint connection with Said aeroi'ilanes,.normally horizontal wings andnieaiis for causing said'wings to assume a downward inclination toward each other..

11. -ln a flying machine.` upper and lower parallel aeroplaiies capable of parallel movenient with respect to each. other, a rearward extending cage cariwiiig tlie'inotor andpropeller mechanism,and having upper* and lower universal joint connections witliisaid` aeroplanes. a' forward extending frame 'eari'ynig rudder ineclianif-zin, liaviiigalso Vupper and lower universal Joint. connections with said aeroplanes, normally lhorizontal wings l.and *tootv pressnremeans for causing said wings to assume a-downward iiiclinatio toward each other.

12. In a flying machine, upper and lower parallel aeroplanes capable of a parallel movement with respect to each other, a rearward extending cage carrying the motor and propeller mechanism 'ind having upper and lower universal joint connections with said aeropla'nes, a forward 'extending frame carrying rudder mechanism and having also upper and lower universal joint connection f with said aer'oplaiies, a base frame having.

pivotal connection with said aeroplanes, a spi-ing for maintainingr said Ahase frame in normal position, and normally horizontal wings capable of assuming a downward pincliiiation toward each other and having y operating connection with said oase frame.

13. In a ilying'inachiiie, upper and lower i parallel aeroplanes, forward and rear Yertical brace rods having a horizontal pivot connection with said aeroplaiies, a narrowl horizontally inclined plane having rigid connection with the, rear brace rods, a rearward` extendingA cage having upper and lower universal jointcoiinection with said aeroplanes and cariwfing iiiotor and pro-V peller mechanism and a vertical rudder, and

aforward extending frame having upperA `and lower universal jointl connection with"y said aeroplancs and carrying rudder niecho -ln testiinonywhereof I aflix my signature,

inv presence of two witnesses.

Witnessesi n RICHARD Il.. CURTIN, HYMEN GOLDMAN.

Vinitiator; ACKERMANL y 

